11/27/2023 0 Comments Auditory ear canal![]() Vestibular and tympanic ducts are filled with perilymph, and the smaller cochlear duct between them is filled with endolymph, a fluid with a very different ion concentration and voltage. The base of the stapes couples vibrations into the cochlea via the oval window, which vibrates the perilymph liquid (present throughout the inner ear) and causes the round window to bulb out as the oval window bulges in. The middle-ear ossicles further amplify the vibration pressure roughly 20 times. The outer ear funnels sound vibrations to the eardrum, increasing the sound pressure in the middle frequency range. It includes both the sensory organs (the ears) and the auditory parts of the sensory system. The auditory system is the sensory system for the sense of hearing. 2020 68(11):881–8.How sounds make their way from the source to the brain Diagnosis and treatment of external otitis. Otomycosis: clinical features and treatment implications. Acyclovir improves recovery rate of facial nerve palsy in Ramsay Hunt syndrome. Kinishi M, Amatsu M, Mohri M, Saito M, Hasegawa T, Hasegawa S. Herpes zoster oticus: a rare clinical entity. Facial nerve palsy and infection: the unfolding story. Sharon JD, Khwaja SS, Drescher A, Gay H, Chole RA. Ectopic apocrine glands as a predisposing factor for postinflammatory medial meatal fibrosis. Moser G, Emberger M, Tóth M, Roesch S, Rasp G, Laimer M. A prospective study of eighteen patients. Sensorineural hearing loss in bullous myringitis. Evaluation of the role of respiratory viruses in acute myringitis in children less than two years of age. Kotikoski MJ, Palmu AA, Nokso-Koivisto J, Kleemola M. Pediatric external auditory canal foreign bodies: a review of 698 cases. Foreign body in ear, nose and oropharynx: experience from tertiary hospital. Tiago RSL, Salgado DC, Correa JP, Pio MRB, Lambert EE. External auditory canal foreign body removal management practices and outcomes. Surfer’s ear: exostoses of the external ear canal. Clinical characteristics of epidermoid cysts of the external auditory canal. Kim GW, Park JH, Kwon OJ, Kim DH, Kim CW. The most common malignancy is squamous cell carcinoma is, followed by adenoid cystic carcinoma and acinic cell carcinoma. Tumours in the ear canal are difficult to distinguish from granulation tissue in chronic otitis. Special care is needed also for patients with osteoradionecrosis of the temporal bone after radiotherapy for head and neck tumours. In external otitis, identification of necrotizing (malignant) infection is very important, because careful debridement of the necrosis and prolonged antibiotic therapy are necessary. Rare conditions are bullous myringitis and granular myringitis. Indications for referral to otomicroscopy are spherical or sharp-edged objects, disk batteries from hearing aids, and vegetable matter foreign body that may expand with moisture, location adjacent to tympanic membrane, foreign body in the ear for more than 24 h, child younger than four, difficulty in visualisation and previous removal attempts. Success of foreign body removal depends on equipment and experience. When they grow, they reduce the EAC lumen and can cause external otitis. The removal of cerumen is mandatory for otoscopy.Įxostoses (they have to be distinguished from osteoma) are located in the inner third of the EAC and are found in divers and swimmers with exposition to cold sea water. The lateral third of the EAC consists of cartilage that is angled downward and forward in relation to the bony medial two thirds of the EAC.Ĭerumen is a product of ceruminous glands and can be cleaned manually with instruments under the microscope (in the ENT office), it may also be aspirated or rinsed out. ![]() In adults the length of the EAC is approximately 2.5 cm.
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